The use of the Internet of Things in the management of non-revenue water in the water distribution network for resilience smart cities

Abstract

The water sector is under increasing pressure from global megatrends, including urbanisation, population growth, and climate change. South Africa faces a particularly critical challenge: approximately 50% of potable water is lost as non-revenue water (NRW). Detecting and localising leaks are crucial for reducing water loss in water distribution networks (WDN) and realising sustainable water usage. The global volume of NRW is estimated to be 126 billion cubic metres per year, and the cost/value of water lost amounts to R39 billion annually (Liemberger and Wyatt, 2019). This level of water loss is unsustainable and underscores the urgent need for modern technology-enabled management of WDN.

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